Champoonge, "Liberal" is an identifier as compared to a traditionalist, conservative etc. Nothing to be ashamed of just what someone presents as a perspective and reference. I didn't ask for APA reference, I asked for the Research. Show me the data, the p values, r values and conclusions from scientific research. The APA has a liberal perspective and has for years been into redefining sexual deviancy as acceptable so reference to that organization is unconvincing. In the 1970's AP st about removing the diagnosis of homosexuality as a sexual perversion from its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM). I was in some of the undergraduate classes when questionnaires were used to collect data on same gender sexual encounters. The Diagnosis has been removed as a perversion however nothing has changed about the behavior so one must ask how does this happen. Deviancy will manifest itself in responses to MMPI questions and other assessments yet there is no diagnostic category into which it can fall. That said, the behavior has not changed only that some will accept the deviant behavior as more usual. Just to be clear, behavioral pathology is behavioral pathology then fact that some chose to allow it as more usual does not change the behavior or pathology no more than stating a Civet Cat does not smell like a Skunk.