It has been an established proven fact that there is high correlation between a negative-father complex and atheism.
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This is why the observation that atheists typically have abusive fathers or an absent/indifferent father can be explained. Often an absent father fosters a strong degree of cynicism in the individual.

An atheistic outlook is also compounded by the fact of the nature of relation of the Ego to the unconscious, where the Ego is born from. The Ego IS consciousness and the self-awareness that it brings. The Ego can very easily fall into its own trap of thinking that not only is it sole authority in the psyche, it is the only occupant of its house. This however has been empirically proven as untrue in psychodynamic theory. It is not the only occupant.

And I use theory in the original Greek context, theoria, a beholding or a contemplation of the analysis of a set of facts in their relation to one another. Interestingly enough, theoria is where we get theatre from, "to make apparent".

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Without elaborating more at this little time I have to comment, when the Ego rebels against the inner God-image, the Self, that it was born from, the Self will cause a myriad of symptoms of sickness, neurotic symptoms such as anxiety, depression, phobias, obsessions, compulsions, suicidal fits and so on which will be perceived by the Ego as punishment at best, or projected as oppressions coming from "outside".