take the example of "egypt" how can we believe that overnight we create pyramids
We don’t. Indeed, we know pretty well how the pyramid evolved.
First, there were mastabas (Arabic for “stone bench”), or, as the Egyptians called them, Houses of Eternity. These were ingot-shaped tombs built from mudbricks. They were the tombs of kings and the elite all the way back to predynastic times, and the latter would use them all the way to the Middle Kingdom.
Then, during the Third Dynasty under Djoser, as the royal cult grew, came up with the step pyramid as a mastaba of mastabas built of stone and serving as a stairway to Heaven, so the dead Pharaoh could take his place at the side of Ra. It was built in Saqqara. So great was the admiration for Imhotep’s genius that he was worshipped as a god for millenia to come.
Somewhat more than half a century later, a new Dynasty was established by Sneferu, known to the Greeks as Soris. His ambitions for his tomb exceeded those of his successors by far:
A smooth-sided pyramid, larger than any structure ever seen before, its coat of polished white limestone and its capstone plated with gold gleaming in the desert sun as a solidified ray of sunlight.
This dream proved easier said than done.
First, he tried to convert a pre-existing step pyramid in Meidum. This did not go well - the new exterior, going outside of the borders of the original pyramids, had a fundament of sand rather than bedrock, and since the original pyramid was intended as a normal step-pyramid rather than a pyramid core, its sides were too smooth to carry the pyramid. It was abandoned before completion, its outer parts probably collapsing even in Sneferu’s time.
Next, Sneferu tried to construct a new pyramid from the ground up in Dahshur. However, during the construction process, the slope of the pyramid was deemed too risky, probably in face of the previously mentioned presumed collapse at Meidum. So above 47 metres, the slope abruptly changes from 54 to 43 degrees. And so, it became known as the Bent Pyramid. It is also the only pyramid with most of its limestone facade left intact.
While the Bent Pyramid was finished and is my favourite pyramid, Sneferu was of another opinion. So he built a third pyramid, using the 43 degree slope from the start. And this one, called the Red Pyramid after the sandstone exposed after its outer layer eroded, was the first successful “true” pyramid, and the third largest.
And then, as everyone knows, Sneferu’s son Khufu (Cheops), built the largest pyramid of them all at Gizah, and then Khufu’s son Khafra (Chephren) built his pyramid besides his father’s - slightly smaller, but at a higher elevation, so that it actually appears higher. Only four thousand years later would humanity constructs exceeding their height in the form of the towers of gothic cathedrals.
All later pyramids would be built far smaller. The last pyramid was that of Ahmose, founder of the Eighteenth Dynasty and the New Kingdoms. His successors would intead carve their tombs hidden deep in the rock, as pyramids had proven too easy to rob.
Monuments for eternity, the pyramids have stood through the ages, almost as old as Civilisation itself, outlasting even the glorious and long-lived culture that constructed them, and they will doubtlessly stand for many more ages, perhaps even outlasting humanity itself, before the inevitable gnawing of time finally devours them. And it behooves us to place the respect they require in those who built them - not extraterrestrials, not hyper-advanced Atlanteans, but the people of Ancient Egypt accomplishing such great wonders with the limited means of their time.
