I have no idea what the helios space religion is. It looks like they are referring to current scientific models about space.
Black holes- Exist, and there was a story in the news the past year about capturing the first direct image of one. We still don't know a lot about black holes because we need a synthesis of quantum mechanics and general relativity that hasn't been found yet.
Light Years- Technically an arbitrary human measurement, so if you don't understand it you can use any other unit of your liking and it would be just as valid.
Big Bang- Happened as far as we know. Again, need the synthesis mentioned above.
Spinning ball Earth- The Earth isn't a true "ball" (sphere) mostly because of said spinning, but it is close enough that it can be assumed so when extreme precision is not required.
Gravity- Was proven to exist by experiments on Earth, long before anyone even thought about going into space. The fact of gravity has never been in dispute, only it's mechanism.
Dark matter- exists because it is merely a label for gravitational effects that can't be accounted for by the matter we can currently detect.
Parallel universes- Purely hypothetical at this point and given the geometry they would likely involve, "parallel" is a poor choice of words.
Space travel- Is routinely done by humans to Earth's orbit and unmanned probes are constantly being sent farther afield. Not space travel in the Star Trek sense, but still.
Dinosaurs- Not really related to space except in the sense of the Yucatan asteroid impact. Technically still exist as birds.
Religion that Atheists believe in- Technically not contradictory because there are atheist branches of Hindism and Buddhism, for example, but I doubt that is what you meant.